Ilimi- Kintai

17-4PH karfe ne na hali martensitic hazo-hardening bakin karfe, wanda yana da babban ƙarfi da taurin kazalika da kyau lalata juriya. Bayan bayani jiyya a 1040 ℃, 17-4PH karfe da aka hõre guda tsufa magani a 480 ℃ da 550 ℃ bi da bi, sa'an nan zuwa sakandare tsufa a 550 ℃ bayan tsufa a 480 ℃. An gano kaddarorin injina da canje-canjen microstructure na kayan a ƙarƙashin yanayin kula da zafi daban-daban. A sakamakon nuna cewa microstructure na 17-4PH karfe bayan bayani jiyya da kuma tsufa a 480 ℃ ne martensite, yayin da cewa bayan tsufa a 550 ℃ ne tempered sorbite. Ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfin samar da ƙarfe na 17-4PH sune mafi girma lokacin da suka tsufa a 480 ℃, amma tasirin tasirin yana da ƙasa kaɗan. Tare da karuwar zafin jiki guda ɗaya, ƙarfin ƙarfe yana raguwa kuma tasirin tasirin yana ƙaruwa lokacin da ya tsufa a 550 ℃. 17-4PH karfe iya samun mafi m inji Properties kamar ƙarfi da tasiri taurin bayan bayani jiyya a 1040 ℃ da tsufa a 550 ℃.

 

17-4PH wani ƙarfe ne mai taurarewa daga ruwa mai kama da martensitic, wanda ke da ƙarancin sinadarin carbon, yawan sinadarin nickel da chromium, da kuma juriyar tsatsa. Hakanan yana ɗauke da adadi mai yawa na abubuwan da ke haɗa sinadarai kamar jan ƙarfe da niobium, waɗanda ke taruwa yayin maganin zafi, suna ƙarfafa tsarin hatsi kuma suna ba wa kayan ƙarfi da tauri. Bakin ƙarfe mai taurarewa daga ruwa yana samun ƙarfi mai yawa da kuma juriyar tsatsa ta hanyar haifar da sinadarai masu kyau tsakanin ƙarfe da ƙaramin adadin carbide yayin tsufa. Saboda haka, ana amfani da wannan kayan sosai a masana'antar sararin samaniya, sinadarai, abinci, da makamashin nukiliya, da sauransu. Babban hanyoyin magance zafi don ƙarfe 17-4PH sune maganin mafita da maganin tsufa. Tsarin microstructure da aka samu bayan maganin mafita galibi martensite ne, tare da ƙarfi mai yawa. Maganin tsufa magani ne na daidaitawa, kuma ana iya samun ƙarfi da tauri da ake buƙata na kayan ta hanyar tsufa a yanayin zafi daban-daban. Wannan takarda tana nazarin tasirin yanayin zafi da hanyoyin tsufa daban-daban akan halayen injiniya da ƙananan tsarin ƙarfe 17-4PH bayan maganin mafita.

 

 

1. Kayayyakin Gwaji da Hanyoyi

Samfuran ƙarfe na 17-4PH da aka yi amfani da su a cikin gwaji sune sandunan ƙarfe tare da ƙayyadaddun φ 60mm × 200mm. Ana nuna abun da ke tattare da sinadarai a cikin Table 1.

 

Don nazarin canje-canje a cikin kayan aikin injiniya da microstructure na karfe 17-4PH a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayin tsufa daban-daban, an yi amfani da samfurori don maganin maganin maganin da kuma tsufa a yanayin zafi daban-daban. A 17-4PH bakin karfe aka bayani bi da a cikin injin tanderu tare da wani tsari na 1040 ℃ man quenching, bi uku daban-daban tsufa magani hanyoyin: tsufa a 480 ℃ for 4 hours a cikin iska; tsufa a 550 ℃ na 4 hours a cikin iska; da kuma tsufa a 480 ℃ na 4 hours a cikin iska bi da tsufa a 550 ℃ na 4 hours a cikin iska. Ana nuna tsarin maganin zafi a cikin Table 2.

 

An ɗauki samfurori daga sandunan gwajin φ 60mm × 200mm na ƙarfe na 17-4PH waɗanda aka gudanar da matakai daban-daban na maganin zafi don shirya samfuran gwaji, metallographic da tasiri. An gudanar da gwaje-gwajen na Tenal ta amfani da injin gwajin WDW-100E na lantarki daidai da GB / t 228.1-2010 "Gwada na Tensuc - Part 1: Hanyar gwaji a zazzabi a ɗakin". An gudanar da gwaje-gwajen tasiri ta amfani da injin gwajin tasiri na JB-300 daidai da GB/T 229-2020 "Materials Metallic - Charpy V-notch Impact Test". An gudanar da gwajin ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar amfani da microscope na MR5000 don bincika microstructure da kaddarorin inji na karfe 17-4PH bayan maganin maganin da kuma yanayin yanayin tsufa daban-daban. An yi nazarin canje-canje a cikin kaddarorin ƙarƙashin matakai daban-daban.

 

 

2. Sakamakon Gwaji da Bincike

2.1 Tsarin Ƙarfe: An lura da tsarin ƙarfe mai girman 17-4PH a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na sarrafawa a girman sau 500 ta amfani da na'urar hangen nesa ta ƙarfe. Bayan maganin mafita, matrix na ƙarfe mai girman 17-4PH ya kasance lath martensite tare da hatsi masu kauri da tsari iri ɗaya, kuma ba a ga wani kauri mai yawa na haƙarƙari ba, kamar yadda aka nuna a Hoto na 1.

 

Bayan jiyya guda ɗaya na tsufa a 480 ℃, microstructure ya ƙunshi martensite da ƙaramin adadin austenite. Akwai ɗigon baƙar fata da yawa masu kama da carbides akan martensite, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 2.

 

Bayan na farko tsufa a 480 ℃ bi da sakandare tsufa a 550 ℃, da microstructure ne lath martensite, amma hatsi ne in mun gwada finer kuma mafi a ko'ina rarraba, kamar yadda aka nuna a Figure 3. Bayan wani primary tsufa jiyya a 550 ℃, martensite fara decompose, kuma da yawa m carbides precitured hatsi tare da microstructure preciture tare da microstructure. sorbite, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 4. Yayin da zafin jiki na farko ya karu, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya kai 550 ℃, martensite ya fara bazuwa, kuma yawancin carbides masu kyau suna hazo tare da iyakokin hatsi, tare da microstructure da ake sorbite wanda ke riƙe da lokaci na martensite.

 

2.2 Halayen Inji : An nuna halayen taurin kai da tasirin shaƙar makamashi a -40°C na ƙarfe 17-4PH bayan maganin mafita a yanayin zafi iri ɗaya da kuma maganin tsufa a yanayin zafi daban-daban na 480°C da 550°C a cikin Jadawali na 3.

 

Ana iya gani daga Table 3 cewa a karkashin jiyya na farko tsufa zafin jiki a 480 ℃ (Tsarin 1) da kuma na farko tsufa zafin jiki a 550 ℃ (Tri 3), da tensile ƙarfi rage daga 1420 MPa zuwa 1185 MPa, da yawan amfanin ƙasa ƙarfi rage daga 1366 MPa zuwa francture 1133 13 MPa bayan eloture daga 15.5 MPa. 57%, rage yawan yanki ya karu daga 60% zuwa 40%, da kuma tasiri sha makamashi a -13 ℃ ya karu daga 61.5 J zuwa 480 J. A karkashin jiyya na farko tsufa zafin jiki a 1 ℃ (Tsarin 550) da kuma na biyu tsufa zafin jiki a 480 ℃ ℃ bayan na farko tsufa zafin jiki ℃ 2 ℃ daga tensile ƙarfi daga 1420. 1118 MPa zuwa 1366 MPa, yawan amfanin ƙasa ƙarfi rage daga 1080 MPa zuwa 13 MPa, da elongation bayan karaya ya karu daga 17% zuwa 57%, da rage yankin ya karu daga 62% zuwa 40%, da kuma tasiri sha makamashi a -13 ℃ ya karu daga 72.5 J17 PH. na farko tsufa zafin jiki a 4 ℃ da na biyu tsufa zafin jiki a 480 ℃ (Tsarin 550) da kuma na farko tsufa zafin jiki a 2 ℃ (Tri 550) canza kadan. Duk da haka, yayin da zafin jiki na farko ya karu daga 3 ℃ zuwa 480 ℃, ƙarfin karfe 550-17PH ya fara raguwa, yayin da ƙarfin karfe ya inganta.

 

3. Kammalawa

1) Matrix na 17-4PH karfe bayan maganin magani da tsufa shine martensite.

2) Lokacin da 17-4PH karfe ne bayani bi da a 1040 ℃ da kuma shekaru a 480 ℃, yana da mafi girma tensile ƙarfi da yawan amfanin ƙasa ƙarfi, amma tasiri makamashi sha a -40 ℃ ne in mun gwada da low. Yayin da yawan zafin jiki ya karu, ƙarfin daɗaɗɗen ƙarfi da ƙarfin yawan amfanin ƙasa duka suna nuna yanayin ƙasa, yayin da tsayin daka bayan karaya, raguwar yanki, da tasirin tasirin makamashi yana ƙaruwa.

3) A karkashin wannan bayani magani tsari, a lokacin da sakandare tsufa a 550 ℃ aka kara bayan wani primary tsufa a 480 ℃, da tensile ƙarfi da yawan amfanin ƙasa ƙarfi na 17-4PH karfe duka biyu rage, amma taurin na karfe inganta. Babu wani gagarumin bambanci a cikin inji Properties tsakanin wani primary tsufa a 480 ℃ bi da sakandare tsufa a 550 ℃ da guda tsufa a 550 ℃.

4) 17-4PH karfe cimma mafi m inji Properties bayan bayani jiyya a 1040 ℃ da guda tsufa a 550 ℃. Sabili da haka, a cikin ainihin samar da maganin zafi, ana iya zaɓar hanyar maganin zafi mai dacewa bisa ga kayan aikin injiniya da samfurin ya buƙaci.

 

Vigor yana da fiye da shekaru 20 na gwaninta wajen samarwa da samar da simintin OEM, sassan da aka ƙera, da sassan injin CNC. Muna da ƙarfi sosai don zafi daban-daban da kuma bayan magani. Idan akwai wani abu da za mu iya taimakawa, da fatan za a tuntuɓe mu nan ba da jimawa ba. info@castings-forging.com